| Definition: |
Splenomegaly is an enlargement of the spleen beyond its normal size.
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| Alternative Names: |
Spleen enlargement; Enlarged spleen
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| Considerations: |
The spleen is an organ involved in the production and maintenance of red blood cells, the production of certain circulating white blood cells, and is a part of the lymph system and the immune system.
Because of its wide variety of functions, the spleen may be affected by many conditions involving the blood or lymph system, and by infection, malignancies, liver disease, and parasites.
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| Common Causes: |
- Infections
- Diseases involving the liver
- Hemolytic anemias
- Cancer
- Other causes
- Sarcoidosis
- Sickle cell splenic crisis
- Banti's syndrome
- Felty syndrome
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| Home Care: |
Rupture of the enlarged spleen is particularly possible in infectious mononucleosis and several other causes of splenomegaly. Appropriate limitation of activity, including avoiding contact sports, will help prevent trauma that might cause the spleen to rupture.
Care will be required for the specific condition causing the splenomegaly. Follow the instructions given by your health care provider regarding appropriate care.
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| Call your health care provider if: |
Splenomegaly is usually detected during a physical examination by a health care provider.
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| What to expect at your health care provider's office: |
The physician may ask questions such as:
- Were you aware of a problem? When was the spleen enlargement first noted?
- What other symptoms were also present (infectious symptoms, fevers, etc.)?
A detailed examination of the abdomen will probably be performed.
Diagnostic tests may be required, including:
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