Sterilization surgery is called a tubal ligation in women and a vasectomy in men. Many people in a long-term, monogamous relationship who have already had several children choose sterilization. However, some regret their decision later. The younger the man or woman, the more likely that he or she will regret the decision at some point in the future. Even though either procedure can occasionally be reversed, tubal ligation and vasectomy must be considered a permanent form of birth control.